Because most Whites have not been trained to think complexly about racism, and because it benefits White dominance not to do so, they have a very limited understanding of racism. Yet dominance leads to racial arrogance, and in this racial arrogance, Whites have no compunction about debating the knowledge of people who *have* thought complexly about race. Whites generally feel free to dismiss these informed perspectives, rather than have the humility to acknowledge that they are unfamiliar, reflect on them further, or seek more information.

"…Whites are in the position to legitimize people of color’s assertions of racism. Yet Whites are the least likely to see, understand, or be invested in validating these assertions and being honest about their consequences. This position, coupled with the need for racial comfort, has many Whites insisting that people of color explain White racism in the "right” way. The right away is generally politely and rationally, without any show of emotional upset.“